Diet Protocol
Occasional prolonged fast of approximately 48 hours.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Superscript reference numbers link to the Sources bibliography.
Composite Rating
Blends evidence depth, community direction, safety friction, and completeness.
Evidence Intensity
100/100
High depth from human/RCT/meta counts
Community Direction
34
Positive Lean • confidence Moderate
Safety Friction
76/100
High signal from adverse/interaction markers
Data Completeness
100%
Studies 16 • mentions 7 • links 25
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Best fit: Advanced users with clinical screening and supervision..[405,1153,1323, etc.]
Goal alignment: Metabolic Health, Longevity.[405,1153,1323, etc.]
Protocol Type
Diet Plan
Evidence Tier
HIGH
Best Fit
Advanced users with clinical screening and supervision.
Primary Focus
Metabolic Health, Longevity
Clinical Depth
Humans: 768 • RCTs: 51 • Meta: 5
Cohort / Real-World
Cohort signals: 63
Safety Markers
Adverse signals: 47 • Interactions: 0
Freshness, trend, and study timeline for this item
Status
Trend
↑ Growing evidence base
Depth
768 total studies · 6 recent
Timeline
Total indexed
768
Human studies
768
Cohort signals
63
Randomized trials
51
Safety adverse signals
47
Mechanistic signals
41
Weighted direction score: 34 (Positive Lean)
High when large human trial/meta/cohort volume exists for the named dietary protocol.
Total indexed
768
Human studies
768
Cohort signals
63
Randomized trials
51
Safety adverse signals
47
Mechanistic signals
41
Adherence/dropout signals
29
Meta-analyses
5
Distribution of evidence by study design strength
Evidence Strength: High
Composite of study volume, RCTs, and meta-analyses
PMID 22833757 • 2012 Jun
Inpatient treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Dtsch Arztebl Int
Open PubMedPMID 40205229 • 2025 Apr 9
The current state and implications of pre-operative fasting time in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Pediatr Surg Int
Open PubMedPMID 18515968 • 2008
Perioperative nutrition in elective gastrointestinal surgery--potential for improvement?
Dig Surg
Open PubMedBenefit reports: 3
Adverse reports: 1
No-effect reports: 0
Mixed reports: 1
Unclear reports: 2
Signal confidence: 0.47
Benefits
Adverse
No Effect
Community confidence 0.47 with mentions: benefit 2, adverse 0, no-effect 0.
Subreddit coverage: fasting, keto.
post • r/keto • mixed
Down 30 pounds in 2 months here’s what works for me Yesterday I made a post about going from 220 to 187 in the span of just over two months. I was getting lots of love, but also got some questions of what I’m doing to shed the weight. So I…
Open mentionpost • r/fasting • unclear
Fasting for anal fissures Hi r/fasting! This is my first time to fast. I've had anal fissures for around three months now and to put it simply it's ruining my life but I remain resolute in not doing surgery. Fasting seems like the best way…
Open mentionpost • r/fasting • benefit
I completed my first 5 day fast! My thoughts, experience and a few questions I posted a few days ago about how I was trying to complete my first 5 day water fast (previously only ever did 48 hour fast) I made it through the 5 day fast in n…
Evidence Sources
PUBMED • Human diet protocol literature
Counts from structured PubMed protocol-specific query set.
Outcome: Humans 768, RCT 51, meta 5, cohort 63.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePMID 41248586 • 2026 Jan
The effectiveness of preoperative oral carbohydrate loading on postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults receiving total intravenous anaesthesia compared to inhalational anaesthesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Clin Anesth
Open PubMedPMID 41644127 • 2026 Mar
The Impact of Early Postoperative Oral Intake on the Length of Hospital Stay: A Meta-Analysis.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand
Open PubMedPMID 37024596 • 2023 Apr
Intermittent fasting plus early time-restricted eating versus calorie restriction and standard care in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
Nat Med
Open PubMedPMID 26094889 • 2015 Jul 7
A Periodic Diet that Mimics Fasting Promotes Multi-System Regeneration, Enhanced Cognitive Performance, and Healthspan.
Cell Metab
Open PubMedPMID 36866742 • 2023 Nov 14
Prolonged fasting outperforms short-term fasting in terms of glucose tolerance and insulin release: a randomised controlled trial.
Br J Nutr
Open PubMedPMID 39770918 • 2024 Dec 12
Investigating the Impact of Glycogen-Depleting Exercise Combined with Prolonged Fasting on Autophagy and Cellular Health in Humans: A Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial.
Nutrients
Open PubMedPMID 35943328 • 2023 Sep
Overnight fasting affects avoidance learning and relief.
Nutr Neurosci
Open PubMedPMID 39418832 • 2024 Nov
Short-term intermittent fasting and energy restriction do not impair rates of muscle protein synthesis: A randomised, controlled dietary intervention.
Clin Nutr
Open PubMedPMID 10227930 • 1999 Jun
Jejunostomy: techniques, indications, and complications.
World J Surg
Open PubMedPMID 32933783 • 2021 Mar
Fasting and surgery timing (FaST) audit.
Clin Nutr
Open PubMedPMID 37533337 • 2023 Dec
A review of pediatric fasting guidelines and strategies to help children manage preoperative fasting.
Paediatr Anaesth
Open PubMedPMID 33027074 • 2020 Dec
Nulla Per Os (NPO) guidelines: time to revisit?
Curr Opin Anaesthesiol
Open PubMedPMID 40268190 • 2025 Jun
Prolonged fasting promotes systemic inflammation and platelet activation in humans: A medically supervised, water-only fasting and refeeding study.
Mol Metab
Open PubMedpost • r/fasting • unclear
How do you fast past 24 hours without being hungry?!!!!! I fast daily 20:4. I’d definitely love to try a 48 hour fast but it seems the closer I get to the 24 hour mark I cave. It doesn’t help I am the one making dinner for the family. Any …
Open mentionpost • r/fasting • benefit
I did it: ny first 48 hour fast! Hey yall, just want to share that im pretty happy that I managed to finish my first 48 hour fast, pushed it to 49 hours because I didnt feel hungry. But just decided to stop for now.😁🙌 I thought I wasnt g…
Open mentionCommunity Sources
PUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 40205229 from Pediatr Surg Int.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2008 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 18515968 from Dig Surg.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2026 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 41248586 from J Clin Anesth.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2026 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 41644127 from Acta Anaesthesiol Scand.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 37024596 from Nat Med.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2015 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 26094889 from Cell Metab.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 36866742 from Br J Nutr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 39770918 from Nutrients.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 35943328 from Nutr Neurosci.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 39418832 from Clin Nutr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 1999 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 10227930 from World J Surg.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2021 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 32933783 from Clin Nutr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 37533337 from Paediatr Anaesth.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2020 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 33027074 from Curr Opin Anaesthesiol.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 40268190 from Mol Metab.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1323,1842,2127, etc.]
Open source