Food
Preservative-heavy intake can indicate high reliance on packaged foods with lower dietary quality.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Superscript reference numbers link to the Sources bibliography.
Composite Rating
Blends evidence depth, community direction, safety friction, and completeness.
Evidence Intensity
77/100
High depth from human/RCT/meta counts
Community Direction
0
Mixed / Neutral • confidence Minimal
Safety Friction
43/100
Early signal from adverse/interaction markers
Data Completeness
100%
Studies 13 • mentions 0 • links 22
Not medical advice. This product is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions regarding a medical condition.
FDA disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Dietary supplements are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Results may vary. Not intended for use by pregnant or nursing women, individuals under 18, or those with known medical conditions without physician consultation.
If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 911 or your local emergency number immediately.
Classification: limit.[1129,1280,1588, etc.]
Best fit: Users reducing processed beverages and shelf-stable snacks..[1129,1280,1588, etc.]
Goal alignment: Metabolic Health, Mood, Cognitive.[1129,1280,1588, etc.]
Classification
Limit
Evidence Tier
HIGH
Best Fit
Users reducing processed beverages and shelf-stable snacks.
Primary Focus
Metabolic Health, Mood
Clinical Depth
Humans: 52 • RCTs: 6 • Meta: 0
Cohort / Real-World
Cohort signals: 1
Safety Markers
Adverse signals: 8 • Interactions: 0
Freshness, trend, and study timeline for this item
Status
Trend
→ Stable evidence base
Depth
52 total studies · 3 recent
Timeline
Total indexed
52
Human studies
52
In vitro / tissue
19
Safety adverse signals
8
Randomized trials
6
Cohort signals
1
Weighted direction score: 0 (Mixed / Neutral)
High when there are >=2 human meta-analyses, or strong human trial/cohort volume with substantial human literature.
Total indexed
52
Human studies
52
In vitro / tissue
19
Safety adverse signals
8
Randomized trials
6
Cohort signals
1
Animal-only studies
0
Meta-analyses
0
Distribution of evidence by study design strength
Evidence Strength: High
Composite of study volume, RCTs, and meta-analyses
PMID 17825405 • 2007 Nov 3
Food additives and hyperactive behaviour in 3-year-old and 8/9-year-old children in the community: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.
Lancet
Open PubMedPMID 25497115 • 2015 Jan
Effects of sodium benzoate, a widely used food preservative, on glucose homeostasis and metabolic profiles in humans.
Mol Genet Metab
Open PubMedPMID 15155391 • 2004 Jun
The effects of a double blind, placebo controlled, artificial food colourings and benzoate preservative challenge on hyperactivity in a general population sample of preschool children.
Benefit reports: 0
Adverse reports: 0
No-effect reports: 0
Mixed reports: 0
Unclear reports: 0
Signal confidence: 0.00
Benefits
Adverse
No Effect
Community confidence 0.00 with mentions: benefit 0, adverse 0, no-effect 0.
Search fetch failed: Failed to fetch after retries: https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=relevance&t=year&limit=8&q=%22sodium%20benzoate%20and%20similar%20preservatives%22%20(diet%20OR%20nutrition%20OR%20meals%20OR%20side%20effects%20OR%20experience%20OR%20results)%20(subreddit%3Anutrition%20OR%20subreddit%3AScientificNutrition%20OR%20subreddit%3Aloseit%20OR%20subreddit%3AMealPrepSunday%20OR%20subreddit%3Aketo%20OR%20subreddit%3Afasting%20OR%20subreddit%3Amediterraneandiet%20OR%20subreddit%3Avegan%20OR%20subreddit%3Avegetarian%20OR%20subreddit%3Acarnivorediet%20OR%20subreddit%3Abiohackers%20OR%20subreddit%3Alongevity)
aggregate • unclear
No directional first-hand mentions captured in the current community corpus; source links are retained for traceability.
Open mentionEvidence Sources
PUBMED • Humans + preclinical triage
Counts from structured PubMed query set for diet/intake context.
Outcome: Humans 52, RCT 6, meta 0, cohort 1.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2007 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 17825405 from Lancet.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.
No directional mention volume was resolved; fallback profile metadata is shown in other sections.
Arch Dis Child
PMID 24217026 • 2013 Nov-Dec
Food additives and behavior in 8- to 9-year-old children in Hong Kong: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
J Dev Behav Pediatr
Open PubMedPMID 2736427 • 1989 May
A double-blind assessment of additive intolerance in children using a 12 day challenge period at home.
Clin Exp Allergy
Open PubMedPMID 20551163 • 2010 Sep
The role of histamine degradation gene polymorphisms in moderating the effects of food additives on children's ADHD symptoms.
Am J Psychiatry
Open PubMedPMID 32807620 • 2020 Oct
Adverse reactions to food additives in children: A retrospective study and a prospective survey.
Arch Pediatr
Open PubMedPMID 38423749 • 2024 Oct 18
Artificial food additives: hazardous to long-term health?
Arch Dis Child
Open PubMedPMID 35782077 • 2022
Toxicological and Teratogenic Effect of Various Food Additives: An Updated Review.
Biomed Res Int
Open PubMedPMID 31151640 • 2019 Sep 30
Molecular and technical aspects on the interaction of serum albumin with multifunctional food preservatives.
Food Chem
Open PubMedPMID 38150747 • 2024 Jan 15
Sodium benzoate induces pancreatic inflammation and β cell apoptosis partially via benzoylation.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
Open PubMedPMID 39777413 • 2025 Aug
Food additives for the central nervous system, useful or harmful? An evidence-based review.
Nutr Neurosci
Open PubMedPMID 30099054 • 2018 Oct
Assessment of sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate preservatives in some products in Kashan, Iran with estimation of human health risk.
Food Chem Toxicol
Open PubMedFallback search fetch failed: Failed to fetch after retries: https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=relevance&t=year&limit=12&q=sodium%20benzoate%20and%20similar%20preservatives
Community Sources
PUBMED • 2015 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 25497115 from Mol Genet Metab.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2004 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 15155391 from Arch Dis Child.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2013 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 24217026 from J Dev Behav Pediatr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 1989 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 2736427 from Clin Exp Allergy.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2010 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 20551163 from Am J Psychiatry.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2020 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 32807620 from Arch Pediatr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 38423749 from Arch Dis Child.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2022 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 35782077 from Biomed Res Int.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2019 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 31151640 from Food Chem.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 38150747 from Ecotoxicol Environ Saf.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 39777413 from Nutr Neurosci.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2018 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 30099054 from Food Chem Toxicol.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open source