Supplement
Redox cofactor with mitochondrial signaling potential.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
Superscript reference numbers link to the Sources bibliography.
Composite Rating
Blends evidence depth, community direction, safety friction, and completeness.
Evidence Intensity
75/100
High depth from human/RCT/meta counts
Community Direction
-15
Caution Lean • confidence Minimal
Safety Friction
100/100
High signal from adverse/interaction markers
Data Completeness
100%
Studies 10 • mentions 6 • links 20
Not medical advice. This product is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions regarding a medical condition.
FDA disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Dietary supplements are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Results may vary. Not intended for use by pregnant or nursing women, individuals under 18, or those with known medical conditions without physician consultation.
If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 911 or your local emergency number immediately.
Goal alignment: Energy, Focus, Longevity.[613,757,987, etc.]
Dose guide: Human-study daily dose: 20 mg/day (moderate-confidence extraction from PubMed abstracts)..[613,757,987, etc.]
Category
Cofactor
Evidence Tier
HIGH
Daily Guide
Human-study daily dose: 20 mg/day (moderate-confidence extraction from PubMed abstracts).
Dosing Guide
Human-study daily dose: 20 mg/day (moderate-confidence extraction from PubMed abstracts).[2576,, etc.]
Clinical Depth
Humans: 33 • RCTs: 8 • Meta: 0
Cohort / Real-World
Cohort signals: 0
Safety Markers
Adverse signals: 47 • Interactions: 91
Freshness, trend, and study timeline for this item
Status
Trend
→ Stable evidence base
Depth
140 total studies · 3 recent
Timeline
Animal-only studies
209
Total indexed
140
In vitro / tissue
100
Interaction signals
91
Safety adverse signals
47
Human studies
33
Weighted direction score: -15 (Caution Lean)
High when >=2 human meta-analyses, or >=5 human RCTs with substantial human literature volume.
Animal-only studies
209
Total indexed
140
In vitro / tissue
100
Interaction signals
91
Safety adverse signals
47
Human studies
33
Randomized trials
8
Meta-analyses
0
Distribution of evidence by study design strength
Evidence Strength: High
Composite of study volume, RCTs, and meta-analyses
PMID 34415830 • 2022 Nov-Dec
Effect of Dietary Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium Salt on Cognitive Function in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study.
J Am Nutr Assoc
Open PubMedPMID 38908296 • 2024 Aug
The impact of six-week dihydrogen-pyrroloquinoline quinone supplementation on mitochondrial biomarkers, brain metabolism, and cognition in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial.
J Nutr Health Aging
Open PubMedPMID 36807425 • 2023 Mar 6
Benefit reports: 2
Adverse reports: 2
No-effect reports: 1
Mixed reports: 1
Unclear reports: 0
Signal confidence: 0.00
Benefits
Adverse
No Effect
Often combined with CoQ10 in mitochondrial stacks. | Step2: Insufficient empirical signal for a directional adjustment.
Reddit evidence: 0 mentions (confidence 0.00).
Amazon signal: 0 products scanned (confidence 0.00).
aggregate • unclear
Aggregate community signal: 6 directional mentions (benefit 2, adverse 2, no-effect 1, mixed 1).
Open mentionamazon
Amazon search for PQQ
Rating: n/a | Reviews: n/a
Open productEvidence Sources
RCT • 2020 • Adults
Small pilot studies.
Outcome: Preliminary signals with limited sample sizes.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
PUBMED • Humans + preclinical triage
Counts aggregated from automated literature sweep and tiering rules.
Outcome: Tier HIGH; humans 33, RCTs 8, meta-analyses 0.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
Open sourcePyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt improves brain function in both younger and older adults.
Food Funct
PMID 31860387 • 2020 Aug
Effects of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) Supplementation on Aerobic Exercise Performance and Indices of Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Untrained Men.
J Am Coll Nutr
Open PubMedPMID 39275279 • 2024 Sep 3
Consumption of Sylimarin, Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Sodium Salt and Myricetin: Effects on Alcohol Levels and Markers of Oxidative Stress-A Pilot Study.
Nutrients
Open PubMedPMID 26782228 • 2016
Effect of the Antioxidant Supplement Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium Salt (BioPQQ™) on Cognitive Functions.
Adv Exp Med Biol
Open PubMedPMID 30322941 • 2018 Oct 23
Prolonging healthy aging: Longevity vitamins and proteins.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Open PubMedPMID 34680074 • 2021 Sep 30
Pyrroloquinoline-Quinone Is More Than an Antioxidant: A Vitamin-like Accessory Factor Important in Health and Disease Prevention.
Biomolecules
Open PubMedPMID 38780001 • 2024 Aug
Nrf2 activation by pyrroloquinoline quinone inhibits natural aging-related intervertebral disk degeneration in mice.
Aging Cell
Open PubMedPMID 36522127 • 2022 Dec
Nutraceutical activation of Sirt1: a review.
Open Heart
Open PubMedGNC signal: 0 products scanned (confidence 0.00) [BLOCKED].
PerimeterX / captcha block encountered.
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Fallback search failed: Failed to fetch after retries: https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=comments&t=all&limit=16&q=%22pyrroloquinoline%20quinone%22%20(supplement%20OR%20capsule%20OR%20powder%20OR%20experience%20OR%20results%20OR%20side%20effects)
Broad search failed: Failed to fetch after retries: https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=new&t=all&limit=16&q=pyrroloquinoline%20quinone
Use adverse/interactions PubMed signal counts for screening; perform clinician review before high-dose or multi-drug stack use.
Human-study daily dose signal: 20 mg/day (confidence MEDIUM).
Extracted from 2 dosing mentions across 2 PubMed studies (mg/day).
Imported legacy community score: 7.0/10 (heuristic mapping confidence 1.00).
Imported legacy monthly cost signal: ~$30.00.
Legacy community note: Respected in biohacking community for unique mitochondrial biogenesis benefit. Often stacked with CoQ10. Some feel effects are subtle. Price premium limits widespread adoption.
Community Sources
PUBMED • 2022 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 34415830 from J Am Nutr Assoc.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 38908296 from J Nutr Health Aging.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 36807425 from Food Funct.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2020 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 31860387 from J Am Coll Nutr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 39275279 from Nutrients.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2016 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 26782228 from Adv Exp Med Biol.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2018 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 30322941 from Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2021 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 34680074 from Biomolecules.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 38780001 from Aging Cell.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2022 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 36522127 from Open Heart.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2576,3128,3481, etc.]
Open source